Abstract
We have recently demonstrated a very favorable, inexpensive modernization of lab- based x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and high-resolution x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) using only commercially-available optics and x-ray tube sources. Here, we survey several proven instrument designs that can be readily implemented in any laboratory setting to achieve synchrotron-quality XAFS and XES for many systems in the 5 keV to 10 keV energy range. These approaches are based on our immediate experience with the development of: (1) an inexpensive, low-powered monochromator capable of performing either XAFS or XES, (2) a mid-scale XAFS user facility having 106/sec flux with sub-eV bandwidth on each of two independent beamlines, and (3) multiple XES spectrometers having outstanding performance that can complement synchrotron XAFS studies in battery and actinide research.
Highlights
The advent of synchrotron light sources has led to the steady growth and impressive scientific reach of x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS)
Building on the above observations,[1] we have argued that the access limitations inherent to synchrotron facilities adversely impacting active XAFS research programs and the education of the generation of XAFS users, and preemptively exclude a large body of scientific studies or industrial research and development
Cylindrical optics were used in the earlier generation of laboratory XAFS systems and still see some use in high-resolution applications,[4] but the overwhelming majority of present-day, high-resolution Rowland circle spectrometers are instead based on spherically-bent crystal analyzers (SBCA)
Summary
Cylindrical optics were used in the earlier generation of laboratory XAFS systems and still see some use in high-resolution applications,[4] but the overwhelming majority of present-day, high-resolution Rowland circle spectrometers are instead based on spherically-bent crystal analyzers (SBCA). The low-powered instrument described in section 3 holds no component fixed in the lab frame while the XANES user-facility and high-powered XES systems in sections 4 and 5 keep the (fairly heavy) source fixed.
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