Abstract
In this paper, we present a switching model of a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) with half-bridge sub-modules for use in real-time simulations of power electronic systems with high time fidelity. This model is formulated for solving under the Latency Based Linear Multi-step Compound (LB-LMC) simulation method and utilizes a fast algorithm for handling anti-parallel diode conduction across switching elements without use of linearization, averaging, or iterative solving. All four possible conduction modes of switching modules (inserted, bypassed, open, short) are handled by this algorithm. The proposed MMC model is incorporated as a reusable circuit component into the Open Real-Time Simulation (ORTiS) framework, a set of open-source tools for code generating high-performance real-time circuit simulation solvers for FPGA or CPU execution. With modern FPGA implementation using high-level synthesis, the MMC model can real-time simulate with time steps of 26 to 32 nanoseconds for 2-128 switching modules, as shown in presented results.
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