Abstract

Present-day notions about the mechanism of the evolution of a cavitation cluster, i.e., a swarm of minute vapor-gas bubbles, in a sound field (e.g., in the focal region of a "concentrator" or acoustic velocity transformer) are based on the instability of the shape of the bubbles during their explosionlike expansion and rapid collapse (implosion). It is assumed that instability induces bubble disintegration and, hence, an avalanche-type multiplication of cavitation centers [I]. It has been postulated, on the basis of an analysis of high-speed motion pictures of the process [i], in particular, that the number of bubbles in the visible cavitation zone can be many orders of magnitude greater than the number of initial cavitation nuclei as determined, e.g., according to Gavrilov's procedure [2]. Experiments indicate that this effect is dynamic: During the first few periods after application of the sound field, the number of bubbles is consistent with the number of nuclei expected according to the state of the liquid, but then it increases and arrives at a steady state, which is governed by the characteristics of the field and the liquid [i]~

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