Abstract
In liquids, bubbles usually exist in the form of bubble groups. Due to their interaction with other bubbles, the resonance frequency of bubbles decreases. In this paper, the resonance frequency of bubbles in a columnar bubble group is obtained by linear simplification of the bubbles’ dynamic equation. The correction coefficient between the resonance frequency of the bubbles in the columnar bubble group and the Minnaert frequency of a single bubble is given. The results show that the resonance frequency of bubbles in the bubble group is affected by many parameters such as the initial radius of bubbles, the number of bubbles in the bubble group, and the distance between bubbles. The initial radius of the bubbles and the distance between bubbles are found to have more significant influence on the resonance frequency of the bubbles. When the distance between bubbles increases to 20 times the bubbles’ initial radius, the coupling effect between bubbles can be ignored, and after that the bubbles’ resonance frequency in the bubble group tends to the resonance frequency of a single bubble’s resonance frequency. Fluent software is used to simulate the bubble growth, shrinkage, and collapse of five and seven bubbles under an ultrasonic field. The simulation results show that when the bubble breaks, the two bubbles at the outer field first begin to break and form a micro-jet along the axis line of the bubbles. Our methods and conclusions will provide a reference for further simulations and indicate the significance of the prevention or utilization of cavitation.
Highlights
Cavitation is a typical hydrodynamic phenomenon that exists in many fields, such as hydraulic engineering [1], shipping [2], ultrasonic cleaning [3], underwater explosions [4], and the medical industry [5]
If the effect of liquid turbulence is not considered, when the distance between bubbles and the size of the bubbles are much smaller than the wavelength of the ultrasonic waves in a liquid, it can be assumed that the bubbles are in the same ultrasonic field
From Equation (9) it can be seen that the resonance frequency of the bubbles in a columnar bubble group is related to the distance between the bubbles, the number of bubbles in the bubble group, and the initial radius of the bubbles
Summary
Cavitation is a typical hydrodynamic phenomenon that exists in many fields, such as hydraulic engineering [1], shipping [2], ultrasonic cleaning [3], underwater explosions [4], and the medical industry [5]. Have investigated the dynamic behavior of cavitation bubbles on solid surfaces via experiments and numerical simulations. They believed that the pressure generated by each individual bubble should be considered in the Rayleigh–Plesset equation, and that the outer bubble movement period was short. The resonance frequency of bubbles in a bubble group is an important parameter with which to study the cavitation phenomenon, whether bubbles collapse in an ultrasonic field, and the secondary. Research on bubble groups has mainly been focused on bubbles near walls or liquid surfaces, and most of these works are experimental studies with few theoretical explanations. Fluent fluid dynamics software is used to simulate bubble growth, shrinking, and collapse in five- and seven-columnar bubble groups under an ultrasonic field
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