Abstract
The coexistence of toxic dyestuffs in the aquatic environment requires the urgent development of a multifunctional sorbent for their efficient sequestration from aqueous solutions. To achieve this objective, a ternary nanocomposite consisting of an amphoteric, multi-walled, carbon nanotube/polyaniline/magnetite (MWCNTs/PANI/Fe3O4) was successfully synthesized through the co-precipitation of magnetite (Fe3O4) onto the surface of a pre-existing binary composite of MWCNTs/PANI. The structural and morphological features of MWCNTs/PANI/Fe3O4 were scanned using a variety of analysis methods: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; both scanning and transmission electron microscopies; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; thermogravimetric analysis. The capacity of MWCNTs/PANI/Fe3O4 to adsorb cationic dye (Methylene blue, MB), and anionic dye (Congo red, CR) were discerned inclusively under variable operational parameters. The sorption processes of both MB and CR dyes onto MWCNTs/PANI/Fe3O4 were pH-dependent. The sorption process of both dyes onto MWCNTs/PANI/Fe3O4 was reported to fit with the Langmuir model, while the sorption kinetics fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The prepared MWCNTs/PANI/Fe3O4 exhibited satisfactory sorption capacities of 142.85 mg g−1 (initial solution pH (pH0): 2.94) and 166.66 mg g−1 (pH0 = 10.03) of the CR and MB dyes, respectively. Dye adsorption followed the monolayer chemisorption phenomenon. The sorption process was exothermic. The application of microwave irradiation caused effective regeneration, and this finding confirmed the renewability of the composite for at least 4 successive sorption/desorption cycles. Using MWCNTs/PANI/Fe3O4 ternary nanocomposite in dye removal looks promising, as its high adsorption capacity, magnetic properties, and renewability offer an efficient, sustainable, and easily recoverable solution for removing dyes from wastewater.
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More From: Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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