Abstract
ABSTRACT Today, various methods are applied to analyze the data collected through participatory mapping, including public participation GIS (PPGIS), participatory GIS (PGIS), and collecting volunteered geographic information (VGI). However, these methods lack an organized framework to describe and guide their systematic applications. Majority of the published articles on participatory mapping apply a specific subset of analyses that fails to situate the methods within a broader, more holistic context of research and practice. Based on the expert workshops and a literature review, we synthesized the existing analysis methods applied to the data collected through participatory mapping approaches. In this article, we present a framework of methods categorized into three phases: Explore, Explain, and Predict/Model. Identified analysis methods have been highlighted with empirical examples. The article particularly focuses on the increasing applications of online PPGIS and web-based mapping surveys for data collection. We aim to guide both novice and experienced practitioners in the field of participatory mapping. In addition to providing a holistic framework for understanding data analysis possibilities, we also discuss potential directions for future developments in analysis of participatory mapping data.
Highlights
The last two decades of the Western and non-Western world have witnessed increasing interest in the participatory mapping approaches, applied in a variety of fields of research and practice (Brown et al 2020)
We have adopted the use of the term participation GIS (PPGIS), some of the empirical work we discuss could be described as participatory GIS (PGIS) or collect ing volunteered geo graphic information (VGI)
In January 2019 we searched for peer-reviewed articles using the Scopus electronic database to gather examples of empirical studies that applied a broad range of data analysis methods, and contained the keywords: participatory GIS, participatory mapping, public participation GIS, PPGIS, SoftGIS, and geo-questionnaire
Summary
The last two decades of the Western and non-Western world have witnessed increasing interest in the participatory mapping approaches, applied in a variety of fields of research and practice (Brown et al 2020). Various terms have been used to describe these approaches, the most prominent being public participation geographical infor mation systems (PPGIS), participatory GIS (PGIS), and volunteered geographic. As noted by Brown and Kyttä (2014), PPGIS, PGIS, and VGI are related spatial terms with sufficient differences to warrant nuanced descriptions. PPGIS approaches promote the use of GIS and modern communication technologies to engage the general public and stakeholders to carry out informed participatory planning and decision-making, particu larly in the context of urban and regional development (Sieber 2006). Collecting VGI conceptually resem bles PPGIS approaches owing to the use of typical online tools to harness spatial information (Hall et al 2010). We have adopted the use of the term PPGIS, some of the empirical work we discuss could be described as PGIS or collect ing VGI
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