Abstract
Screen printed lead zirconate titanate (PZT) layers offerpossibilities for both sensing and actuation applications. PZT materials areknown to suffer a long-term ageing process that can affect their performanceas functional materials. Measuring the rate of this ageing on thick-filmpiezoelectric materials is difficult due to the presence of a substrate, andsuitable methods have not been reported in the literature. A technique formeasuring the ageing rate of the d31 coefficient is described in this paper,and includes a composite test structure based on a steel substrate. The d31coefficient is found to age at -4.4% per time decade after polarization withno external stresses (for PZT-5H, a soft piezoelectric material). A method isalso presented for measuring the ageing of the dielectric constant, K33, andthis is found to have an ageing rate of -1.34% per time decade. Techniques forexploring cyclical stress induced ageing of d31 are further described, and aninteresting linear ageing characteristic is demonstrated.
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