A method of selecting initial breeding material of triticale based on the granulometric composition of grain starch

Abstract

Purpose of the research is to study the granulometric composition of grain starch, develop a method of evaluation breeding material of triticale and selections forms with different sizes of starch granules for further use in creating varieties suitable for the production of starch and bioethanol.Materials and methods. The research was carried out in 2016–2017 at the NSC "Institute of Agriculture of the NAAS". During the study, 142 samples of winter triticale were analyzed. The granulometric structure of starch was determined by light microscopy followed by processing in the ImageJ program.The discussion of the results. On the basis of our research, we have developed a method for assessing the granulometric structure of triticale grain starch. The analysis is separated to four phases: preparation of the seed, getting of the micro photos of the starch granules, working with images in the “ImageJ” program, statistical analysis. Identification of the granulometric structure of starch in winter triticale samples showed that they were characterized by different maximum, minimum and average granule sizes with significant variation. The largest average size (23.2 and 23.5 microns) was found for samples 193 and 223, and the smallest (16.7-16.8 microns) - for samples 169 and 242. Other samples were characterized by average sizes from 16.9 to 21.4 microns. The patent for a useful model "Method for the selection of breeding material for triticale according to the granulometric composition of grain starch" (No. 1440021 dated 02/10/2020) was received.Conclusions. The developed method for sampling triticale based on the assessment of the granulometric structure of starch makes it possible to quickly and accurately analyze new breeding material and increase the effectiveness of breeding work to create varieties suitable for different uses, for example, for the production of bioethanol or starch