Abstract
This paper proposes a method for evaluating the design scheme of continuous measuring bridge of the instrumented wheelset, based on the theory of continuous measurement of wheel-rail forces, Finite Element Analysis, and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The elastic strain at each placement point of the strain gauge on the web surface of the wheel is expanded into Fourier series, and the general mathematical expressions of the output signals for each symmetric component, each bridge, and the synthesized bridge are provided. Nine typical measuring bridge schemes of strain gauge arrangement on the wheel web surface and seven typical measuring bridge schemes of strain gauge arrangement inside the measuring holes are given. The finite element model of the wheel is established using software ABAQUS, and the moving force is applied to the rolling surface of the wheel for simulation calculations. The output signals of 16 typical measuring bridges are then obtained. By utilizing the mathematical formulas of the bridge outputs and the simulation results, a matrix expression describing the relationship between amplitudes of all harmonics and the bridge output is given, and the amplitudes of all the former 20 orders harmonics of the bridge signal are obtained by applying Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Based on the analysis results of the harmonic amplitudes, a method is proposed to quantitatively evaluate the output signals of a single bridge (which can be either harmonic or triangular wave) and the synthesized bridge. The mathematical expressions of the evaluation indicators are provided within the range of 0 to 1. Finally, the analysis results of the evaluation indicators for 16 typical measuring bridges are presented and compared. The proposed method is not only applicable to the bridge design of the instrumented wheelset but also to the evaluation of signals from channels of the data collector when the instrumented wheelset is being calibrated on the test rig.
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