A meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies on the frequency and risk factors associated with canine morbillivirus infection in China

Abstract

BackgroundThe canine morbillivirus, previously known as canine distemper virus (CDV), is a pathogen which infects dogs worldwide and causes fatal disease. CDV has a broad range of hosts and can infect at least six orders and more than 20 mammalian families. Domestic dogs are the main hosts of CDV and play a central role in the transmission of the virus. However, the prevalence of CDV infection in China remains unknown since there are only a few studies which systematically analysed the prevalence of CDV in domestic dogs in the country. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the frequency of CDV positivity and associated risk factors of CDV in Chinese domestic dogs. MethodsWe systematically searched for studies on the frequency of CDV in Chinese domestic dogs published in English and Chinese to conduct a meta-analysis using the random-effects model with a forest plot with a 95% confidence interval. ResultsThe overall estimated frequency of CDV positivity in Chinese domestic dogs was 22%. In addition, our data show that sampling season, age, breed, and immunisation status are associated with CDV infection frequency. ConclusionIn a word, CDV is circulating in domestic dogs in China. Continued intervention strategies based on risk factors are necessary to reduce the frequency of CDV infection, especially in endemic regions.