Abstract
Summary Histamine release from human basophil leukocytes was studied in connection with bacteria and bacteria products. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria induce histamine release and mediator release was also obtained by the bacterial cell wall components peptidoglycan, teichoic acid and protein A and via complement activation caused by endotoxine. Bacteria can release histamine by two different mechanisms, an immunological (IgE-dependent) and a non-immunological (sugar-lectin mediated) mechanism. The latter means that a subject does not need to be sensitized to bacteria in order to release histamine. Both bacteria and their products peptidoglycan, teichoic acid and endotoxins can aggravate allergic histamine release. The synergistic enhancement in mediator release was observed in cells from patients sensitized to respiratory allergens or to bacteria. Since bacteria-induced histamine release was also obtained in human lung mast cells, the bacterial effects could play a role in airway diseases by triggering or aggravating asthmatic attacks.
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