Abstract
Light emitting diode (LED) and ultrasound have been powerful treatment stimuli for tumor cell growth due to non-radiation effects. This research is the first preliminary study of tumor cell suppression using a macro-lens-supported 460-nm LED combined with high-frequency ultrasound. The cell density, when exposed to the LED combined with ultrasound, was gradually reduced after 30 min of induction for up to three consecutive days when 48-W DC, 20-cycle, and 50 Vp-p sinusoidal pulses were applied to the LEDs through a designed macro lens and to the ultrasound transducer, respectively. Using a developed macro lens, the non-directional light beam emitted from the LED could be localized to a certain spot, likewise with ultrasound, to avoid additional undesirable thermal effects on the small sized tumor cells. In the experimental results, compared to LED-only induction (14.49 ± 2.73%) and ultrasound-only induction (13.27 ± 2.33%), LED combined with ultrasound induction exhibited the lowest cell density (6.25 ± 1.25%). Therefore, our measurement data demonstrated that a macro-lens-supported 460-nm LED combined with an ultrasound transducer could possibly suppress early stage tumor cells effectively.
Highlights
Phototherapy is a light-based, non-ionizing, anticancer therapeutic treatment, and photodynamic therapy utilizes photosensitizing agents, such as porfimer sodium, lutetium texaphyrin, and SnET2 [1].A photosensitizer can be activated to localize the tumor in particular tissue regions and these therapies cause tissue death by creating reactive oxygen species and radicals [1]
We proposed the used of Light emitting diode (LED) using a macro lens combined with a transducer to possibly ablate HeLa cells without the use of photosensitizers or sonosensitizers
It is because the macro lens could cause cell suppression by focusing the divergent
Summary
Phototherapy is a light-based, non-ionizing, anticancer therapeutic treatment, and photodynamic therapy utilizes photosensitizing agents, such as porfimer sodium, lutetium texaphyrin, and SnET2 [1].A photosensitizer can be activated to localize the tumor in particular tissue regions and these therapies cause tissue death by creating reactive oxygen species and radicals [1]. Phototherapy is a light-based, non-ionizing, anticancer therapeutic treatment, and photodynamic therapy utilizes photosensitizing agents, such as porfimer sodium, lutetium texaphyrin, and SnET2 [1]. The mechanism of phototherapy is currently accepted to a mitochondrial electron transport chain that affects photostimulatory effects in a cell [2]. LEDs in the visible wavelength (400–600 nm) are applicable as a therapeutic light source to treat skin diseases, cancer cells, and muscle pain because they suppress intercellular signal transduction and metastasis of cancer cells via thermal effects [4,5]. Blue LED irradiation with wavelengths of 400–500 nm has been recently highlighted in various ways, such as to bleach teeth, treat Alzheimer’s disease, reduce muscle pain, and ablate cancer cells [5,6]
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