A literature review to explore the use of Contact Theory, in exploring integration strategies between students who have defected from North Korea and South Korean students

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this research was to explore effective integrated strategies utilizing Contact Theory principles, to reduce prejudice and discrimination and build friendships between North and South Korean students.
 Methods A literature review synthesizing the findings of literature retrieved from searches for integration between North and South Korean students. Especially, Contact Theory was particularly used for the theoretical framework.
 Results Intergroup cooperation: Repeated integrated strategies and high-quality contact strategies should be applied in school curriculums to build friendships based on intergroup cooperative tasks such as discussion or presentations about each other’s culture, and societal issues between the two Koreas’ students. Common goals: Both students groups should discuss and debate the common goal of peace within the Korean Peninsula by allowing students to consider the advantages and disadvantages of inter-Korean unification on their own. Equal status: Schools should provide some programmes via literature or films related to North Korean words which are neglected by South Koreans who will need to change their perception by developing a more objective view of North Korean culture and their way of thinking that can ultimately bring equal status between the two Korean student groups. Support of institutions: The support of authorities of the Korean government is suggested. Especially, the government will need to provide more effective teacher education for integrated education between two Korean students to prepare for future reunification.
 Conclusions The implications and limitation of the study is provided. Suggestions for future studies are also presented.