Abstract
Since a smart dust Internet of Things (IoT) system includes a very large number of devices sometimes deployed in hard-access areas, it is very difficult to prevent security attacks and to alleviate bottleneck phenomena. In this paper, we propose a lightweight blockchain scheme that helps device authentication and data security in a secure smart dust IoT environment. To achieve our goals, (1) we propose the structure of the lightweight blockchain and the algorithm of processing the blockchain. In addition, (2) we reorganize the linear block structure of the conventional blockchain into the binary tree structure in such a way that the proposed blockchain is more efficient in a secure smart dust IoT environment. Experiments show that the proposed binary tree-structured lightweight blockchain scheme can greatly reduce the time required for smart dust device authentication, even taking into account the tree transformation overhead. Compared with the conventional linear-structured blockchain scheme, the proposed binary tree-structured lightweight blockchain scheme achieves performance improvement by up to 40% (10% in average) with respect to the authentication time.
Highlights
Smart dust is the concept of smart dust which sprays dust-like tiny sensors on physical spaces such as buildings, roads, clothing, and the human body in order to detect information such as ambient temperature, humidity, acceleration, and pressure over the wireless network [1,2,3]
Few studies have been done for the secure smart dust Internet of Things (IoT) system, a smart dust IoT system is much more vulnerable to security attacks since smart dust devices have very limited computing power
The main features of a smart dust IoT system include a large number of devices and low power, which make it difficult for the normal blockchain to be used in a smart dust IoT environment
Summary
Smart dust is the concept of smart dust which sprays dust-like tiny sensors on physical spaces such as buildings, roads, clothing, and the human body in order to detect information such as ambient temperature, humidity, acceleration, and pressure over the wireless network [1,2,3]. In this paper, we propose a lightweight blockchain scheme that helps device authentication and data security in a secure smart dust IoT environment. We reorganize the linear block structure of the conventional blockchain into a binary tree structure and lighten the blockchain operations to be efficient in a secure smart dust IoT environment. Experiments show that the proposed binary tree-structured lightweight blockchain scheme can greatly reduce the time required for smart dust device authentication, even taking into account the tree transformation overhead. Compared with the conventional linear-structured blockchain scheme, the proposed binary tree-structured lightweight blockchain scheme achieves performance improvement by up to 40% in the time required for authentication. The remainder of this paper is structured as follows: Section 2 introduces the general concept of a smart dust IoT system and a blockchain.
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