Abstract
A substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) leaky-wave antenna (LWA) array with beam-formed radiation pattern is investigated in this paper. The array is composed of two LWA elements with different parameters of slots. For each LWA, the period of slots is selected first within the scope of only $n = -1$ space harmonic radiation to ensure the beam radiate in the desired direction. Then, the length of the slots is tapered according to the binomial aperture distribution to get the wide beam. Finally, the width of the slots is adjusted to get the desired radiation field strength. By superposing two wide beams from two elements in a weighting way, a cosecant-squared-like beam-formed radiation pattern is realized, which is preferable for the application of uniform radio wave coverage in a long straight confined space. The array is fabricated and measured, and the measured results are consistent with the simulated results.
Highlights
Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) have attracted much attentions due to their features of high gain, simple feeding network and frequency scanning capability [1], [2]
The antennas used in a confined space have omnidirectional radiation patterns, so the radio wave coverage in the confined space attenuates fast [12], [13], especially for the long straight confined space, such as tunnels
By tuning the length of slots in a tapered way, both beams have been widened and the side lobe level (SLL) have been suppressed, so it can provide a wider radio wave coverage compared with the uniform slotted LWAs
Summary
Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) have attracted much attentions due to their features of high gain, simple feeding network and frequency scanning capability [1], [2]. The idea of superposing radiations from the n = −1 space harmonics of different periodic leaky-wave structures was proposed [14], a LWA array with broad-beam pattern [15] and a beam-formed LWA with the composite cosine-shaped slot [16] were designed based on this idea. Y. Geng et al.: LWA Array With Beam-Formed Radiation Pattern for Application in a Confined Space. Slotted SIW LWA array with beam-formed radiation pattern is investigated for the application of uniform radio wave coverage in a long straight confined space. The radiation pattern is formed by two wide beams (by tapering the length of slots ln), pointing to different directions θn (by selecting the period of slots Pn), and with different e-field strengths En (by adjusting the width of slots wn).
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