Abstract
This study aimed to produce a model of integration between theology (reformed) and ideology (Pancasila) to realise a just and civilised humanity (second sila of Pancasila). This research is based on the paradigm of naturalism with qualitative methods and the approach applied is historical and integrative. The research results produced an integrative model between Reformed Theology and the ideology of Pancasila that rejects the understanding and practice of capitalism, religious fundamentalism, communism, and racism. This study pointed out that these four understandings and practices contradict the basic principles of a just and civilised humanity based on theological and ideological studies.Contribution: This study produced four fundamental clues for all Indonesian citizens, especially Christians, namely the source, basis, pillars, and dual role as citizens and kingdoms of God in the fight for the formation of a just and civilised humanity.
Highlights
A just and civilised humanity is the second sila of Pancasila, the ideology of the Indonesian nation
The state guarantees the human rights of all citizens, but sadly Indonesia has not been free from crimes against humanity
The state guarantees the human rights of all citizens, but Indonesia is not yet free from crimes against humanity, such as cases of kidnapping, torture, shooting, arson, including Munir-like cases against humanitarian heroes, and other cases committed by the military, many of which remain unsolved (Fernida 2020; Sulistia 2007)
Summary
A just and civilised humanity is the second sila of Pancasila, the ideology of the Indonesian nation. This concept is in accordance with the intention of the digger, namely Sukarno (2019). The state guarantees the human rights of all citizens, but sadly Indonesia has not been free from crimes against humanity. The state guarantees the human rights of all citizens, but Indonesia is not yet free from crimes against humanity, such as cases of kidnapping, torture, shooting, arson, including Munir-like cases against humanitarian heroes, and other cases committed by the military, many of which remain unsolved (Fernida 2020; Sulistia 2007). The Jokowi-era government was better, it seemed to allow discrimination and religious freedom (Ananda 2020; Chairunnisa 2018a, 2018b; Lova 2020; Wilaya 2019), including the church bombings in Surabaya and the killings of people in Poso and Papua in 2021
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