Abstract
In the current scenario of globalization, waterways are trully relevant for the flow of various products throughout the world, with emphasis on the commercialization and movement of oil and its derivatives. In this sense, the purpose of this article is to present the importance of monitoring vessel traffic in the Brazilian waters for the prevention of oil pollution. To this end, the definitions of oil pollution and its impacts on the environment and the country's economy will initially be introduced. Next, the rules relating to the topic that exist at a global and national level will be explained. Finally, the existing mechanisms in Brazil for the inspection and control of vessels and incidents related to oil pollution in the waters will be presented, concluding the crucial role of this inspection in order to avoid and/or minimize the risk of polluting incidents.
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