Abstract
Reconstructive surgery of the conductive hearing mechanism is collectively called as tympanoplasty, which has gradually evolved over time with the contributions from all over the word. The aim of the present historical review is to summarize the Indian contributions in the development of the technique of tympanoplasty. The literature review was conducted using only the “Medline” search using keywords “tympanoplasty” and “ossiculoplasty” in “India” on 15th June 2016. A total of 195 articles and abstracts were found dated from the year 1998 onwards. Articles describing work on technique were included, and those describing only experimentation with graft material were excluded. All articles were fully read and analysed. It was found that there had been experiments regarding the choice of anaesthesia and the use of combinations of different chemical agents for this purpose. There were suggestions in favour of monitored anaesthesia care for the surgery in select patients. Surgeons expressed their perspectives on the time and conditions for the surgery, laterality of surgery, different types of incisions, use of endoscopes, graft placement techniques, ossicular replacements with autologous or allogenic grafts, and the timing of prophylactic antibiotic therapy given after or during the surgery. The range of work is wide and covers most of the aspects of surgery; however, the incorporation of a uniform methodology and standards reporting results were lacking in the articles reviewed.
Highlights
Manu Malhotra,1 Rashmi Malhotra,2 Saurabh Varshney,1 Madhu Priya,1 Abhishek Bhardwaj,1 Amit Tyagi,1 Amit Kumar,1 and Shubhankur Gupta1
Reconstructive surgery of the conductive hearing mechanism is collectively called as tympanoplasty, which has gradually evolved over time with the contributions from all over the word. e aim of the present historical review is to summarize the Indian contributions in the development of the technique of tympanoplasty. e literature review was conducted using only the “Medline” search using keywords “tympanoplasty” and “ossiculoplasty” in “India” on 15th June 2016
Blake in 1877 placed a paper patch on a tympanic membrane perforation and observed hearing improvement in many patients [1]. e first true tympanoplasty was performed by Berthold in 1878 using the de-epithelised tympanic membrane [2]. e new era of modern tympanoplasty began with the advent of operating the microscope, microscopic instruments, and antibiotics in the 1950s
Summary
Manu Malhotra ,1 Rashmi Malhotra,2 Saurabh Varshney,1 Madhu Priya,1 Abhishek Bhardwaj,1 Amit Tyagi,1 Amit Kumar,1 and Shubhankur Gupta1. Ota et al in 2015 published a report in which forty patients undergoing tympanoplasty randomly received either propofol or midazolam with fentanyl and local anaesthesia with 2% lignocaine and 1 : 200,000 adrenaline.
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