A Historical Look at theConditions of Education in Algeria During the Ottoman-French Eras until the Outbreak of the First World War (1518 – 1914) Schools as a Model

Abstract

Education constitutes an important aspect of the cultural and social aspects of the history of Algeria during the Ottoman and French eras. Due to the diversity of the aspect of schools, corners, mosques, and takayas; therefore, the research focused on the schools' aspects, the importance of Algerian educational institutions since the Ottomans entered Algeria, and the cultural, religious and scientific development they witnessed. Then, the study shows how these schools began to take a dangerous turn in their cultural and scientific levels in light of France’s educational policy since its occupation of Algeria in 1830 AD, because of its seizure of the endowment institutions that served as the main source of the educational and cultural movement in Algeria throughout historical times, and how it tried with this policy to eliminate the national personality and obliterate its components by drawing goals represented in eliminating free Arab education in Algeria, changing the culture of the people and influencing in it; To keep Algerian people living in direct dependence, and not out of control by establishing schools throughout Algeria even before the First World War, in an attempt to integrate the Algerian Arab people into European society, which will move them - according to their claim - towards civilization and development.