A histopathological spectrum of central nervous system lesion: Tertiary care hospital

Abstract

CNS lesions have variety in an aetiology like infections, neoplastic, inflammatory and any vascular malformation. With advance in neuro-imaging we can early recognise and diagnose it. Majority of patients with CNS neoplasms present clinically with headache, vomiting and/or seizures confusing with non-neoplastic lesions. So to differentiate between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions histopathological examination which is gold standard is required.In period between January 2019 to April 2021, we have received total 69 CNS lesions biopsy and histopathological examination was done and they are classified according to WHO classification. All the data were collected retrospectively from Department of Pathology, Medical College, Baroda.Patient’s age ranged from 45 days to 72 years. Out of total 69 cases, there were 15 were non-neoplastic lesions and 54 were neoplastic lesions. Among neoplastic lesions, 50 cases were primary CNS tumors and 04 cases were metastatic tumors.Low grade CNS lesions were found to progress to high grade CNS tumours. Proper clinical history, neuroimaging study and exact histopathological diagnosis is essential to predict prognosis and treatment.