A histological pattern of the internal genitalia of cows with follicular ovarian cyst

Abstract

Intensification of the cattle population reproduction is an indispensable condition for the increase in the production of cattle breeding products. However, everyday abnormal effects of various factors on the intensively functioning organism of animals lead to the emergence of pathologies that restrain the rate of increase in the number of cows. Despite a wide range of problems, the results of numerous studies confirm and emphasize that a significant cause of symptomatic infertility in rejected cows is ovarian follicular cysts, accompanied with pathological changes in other organs of the reproductive system. Transrectal and ultrasound examination allows to diagnose pathology, but the issue of changes at the microscopic level in the ovaries and other organs of the reproductive system remains insufficiently studied, which inhibits the development of new methods of restoring the endocrine function of the gonads. In this regard, the morphology and pathology of the ovaries and uterus of cows require further careful study. The research was conducted in the conditions of the agricultural production cooperative “Agrofirma Semenivska”, Sumy region, on Holstein cows of different ages and productivity. At the gynecological stage of dispensation, the condition of the internal genital organs of 47 infertile cows, 14 of which were rejected, and 8 diagnosed with ovarian follicular cyst, was examined. In the conditions of the meat processing plant, the uterus and ovaries were dissected from the genitals taken immediately after slaughtering 8 cows. Pieces of tissue measuring 1 x 2 cm were cut from the walls of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, then fixed in 10 % aqueous formalin solution; histosections were made according to the generally accepted method, being stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and examined by light microscopy. It has been established that on the histopreparations, made from the ovary with a follicular cyst, there is desquamation of individual cells of the covering epithelium, atresia of the obliterating type, which is characterized by dystrophic changes of granulosis with pronounced desquamation of follicular cells filling the cavity of the cystic follicle with the subsequent formation of a fibrous atretic body. While examining histological sections from the uterus, a large number of arterial vessels with thick walls surrounded by connective tissue fibers and groups of endometrial glands of a typical structure, which is typical for endometriosis, have been found in the thickness of the myometrium. The endometrium has turned out to be represented by a cytogenic stroma, the density of the cells of which gradually decreases from the surface to the muscle layer, in the basal layer, the stroma is almost entirely replaced by connective tissue. Behind the follicular cyst of the ovary, traces of mucus have been found in the lumen of the fallopian tube.