A high-temperature creep model for Zr-2.5 wt% Nb pressure tubes

Abstract

For a postulated loss-of-coolant accident in a CANDU reactor, in which the primary cooling circuit fails to remove the heat generated in the core, the temperature of the pressure tubes could rise very quickly. Since any deformation of the pressure tubes would control how the core heat is transferred to the surrounding moderator, which is a large heat sink, the accurate prediction of this transient deformation is essential. The majority of the pressure tubes in CANDU reactors are cold-worked Zr-2.5 wt% Nb and creep equations for this material have been developed from uniaxial creep tests. These creep equations were successful in predicting the creep strain in constant-stress uniaxial tests in which the temperature was ramped at rates ranging from 1° C/s to 50° C/s. They also successfully predicted the ballooning of internally pressurized sections of pressure tube that were heated at about 5° C/s.