Abstract
The detection of an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) field is of great significance in determining the field environment of tested equipment in small spaces. Finger-shaped miniature optical fiber sensors for electromagnetic pulse field measurement were designed. The antenna of a weak field sensor was integrated with a shielding shell, and the wire welded at the direct electro-optic converting circuit connected to an optical fiber through special structure and circuit design was taken as the antenna of a strong field sensor. Measurements in the time domain and frequency domain had been carried out for the two sensors. Experiment results demonstrate that the weak field sensor and the strong field sensor have flat responses from 100 kHz to 1 GHz with a variation of 2.3 dB and 2.9 dB, respectively, and the EMP waveform detected by the sensors agrees well with the applied standard square wave. Moreover, the strong field sensor exhibits linear responses from 645 V/m to 83 kV/m. The resolution of the weak field sensor is as low as 13 V/m. The result indicated that the designed sensors had good performance.
Highlights
The measurement of an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) field is of great importance in an immunity test of electromagnetic compatibility, especially in small spaces such as in vehicles, aircraft and ship cabins
A laser diode (LD) or a light emitting diode (LED) acts as the optical component, which is used to convert the EMP field signal into an optical signal, which is demodulated after transmission by an optical fiber, and the measured EMP field signal will be restored and observed by the oscilloscope
A finger-shaped miniature optical fiber sensor was presented by using LD and a special structural design for EMP field measurement
Summary
The measurement of an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) field is of great importance in an immunity test of electromagnetic compatibility, especially in small spaces such as in vehicles, aircraft and ship cabins. One method utilizes a broadband antenna to take measurements directly for which its typical application includes D-dot sensors [1,2] These kinds of sensors can cause severe distortions in tested EMP fields in small spaces because of its large volume, as well as the metallic structures of the antenna and coaxial cables used to transmit electric field signals. Another method is called electro-optic modulation, which includes active electro-optic modulation and passive electro-optic modulation. The size and measurement time of the sensors based on active electro-optic modulation are limited since they are powered by batteries [18,19,20,21]
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