Abstract
To develop a non-polluting and sustainable city, urban administrators encourage logistics companies to use electric vehicles instead of conventional (i.e., fuel-based) vehicles for transportation services. However, electric energy-based limitations pose a new challenge in designing reasonable visiting routes that are essential for the daily operations of companies. Therefore, this paper investigates a real-world electric vehicle routing problem (VRP) raised by a logistics company. The problem combines the features of the capacitated VRP, the VRP with time windows, the heterogeneous fleet VRP, the multi-trip VRP, and the electric VRP with charging stations. To solve such a complicated problem, a heuristic approach based on the adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) and integer programming is proposed in this paper. Specifically, a charging station adjustment heuristic and a departure time adjustment heuristic are devised to decrease the total operational cost. Furthermore, the best solution obtained by the ALNS is improved by integer programming. Twenty instances generated from real-world data were used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate that using our algorithm can save 7.52% of operational cost.
Highlights
With industrial development and urbanization, air pollution in cities has become increasingly serious in recent years
In the proposed algorithm, the minimal and average of the total operational cost obtained by the adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) was not smaller than that improved by the integer programming (IP); the relative gap between the two algorithm components in the proposed algorithm was between 0% (R7 and R9) and 1.49% (R6), and the average relative gap was 0.40%
This paper develops a heuristic approach to solve a real-world electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP) proposed by a logistics company in Wuhan, China
Summary
With industrial development and urbanization, air pollution in cities has become increasingly serious in recent years. A major cause of air pollution in cities is the large number of conventional motor vehicles with internal combustion engines that run on diesel or gasoline. They emit carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides and particulate matters that cause air pollution. Delivers up customer parcels within predefined windows, and finishes at the problem, a fleetor of picks heterogeneous electric vehicles departs from time the distribution center, delivers or center. The objective to minimize the of time the go its to charging stations as well the distribution center to fullyischarge its battery in sum a fixed acquisition costs used vehicles, the travel ofthe vehicles, the waiting at customers and (e.g., 30 min).
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