Abstract
The present research defines didactic works of History conceived and adopted inschools of basic education in Paraguay, as a documental corpus for this study. Twelve didacticParaguayan books of History were analyzed with the purpose of observing the translationof the War of the Triple Alliance into the school knowledge environment, specificallyabout historical narratives centered on characters. The selected works cover a timeline, whichinitial mark is at the end of the conflict. It is thus, from the second half of the nineteenthcentury until the year 2009. It was assumed that in Paraguay, the War of the Triple Allianceevent, marked the collective memory of that country, and had / still has an important roleon national identities development. Regarding the narratives of Paraguayan textbooks, itwas predominant in most of the, a descriptive perspective based on military campaignsand individual actions of army commanders, and they were non-rare associated with actsof heroism. It is important to mention that in Paraguay, during the whole XX Century,the political and historical discussions practically led to the dichotomization between theones who were in favor of Solano Lopez and the ones who were against him (“lopists” and“non-lopists”), which were eventually transposed to the school books of that country.
Highlights
Este é um artigo de acesso aberto, licenciado por Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0), sendo permitidas reprodução, adaptação e distribuição desde que o autor e a fonte originais sejam creditados
The present research defines didactic works of History conceived and adopted in schools of basic education in Paraguay,as a documental corpus for this study.Twelve didactic Paraguayan books of History were analyzed with the purpose of observing the translation of the War of the Triple Alliance into the school knowledge environment, about historical narratives centered on characters
Regarding the narratives of Paraguayan textbooks, it was predominant in most of the, a descriptive perspective based on military campaigns and individual actions of army commanders, and they were non-rare associated with acts of heroism
Summary
Este governo anulou a Constituição de 1870, de corte Garay, enquanto a segunda diz respeito à edição mais liberal, e declarou, através de decreto, Francisco Solano recente analisada,a de Moreira e colaboradores. Para selecionar os livros que comporiam o corpus, observamos como primeiro critério: obras que tiveram inúmeras edições, o que representaria a sua relativa aceitação no cenário escolar e sua participação efetiva, por anos seguidos, na formação da consciência histórica de um grande número de estudantes e professores paraguaios. Ao observar a biografia dos autores paraguaios, constante do Quadro 1, pode-se perceber que se destacam três instituições que exerceram inegável e inestimável contribuição cultural durante todo o século XX no Paraguai: Colégio Nacional de la Capital, Universidad Nacional de Asunción e Instituto Histórico Nacional, que posteriormente passou-se a chamar Academia Paraguaya de la Historia. Outra instituição de grande relevância cultural e educacional no século XX no Paraguai foi a Universidad Nacional de Asunción (UNA), responsável por formar não apenas uma elite intelectual, mas também política do Paraguai do pós-guerra.
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