A Green and Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of Quinoxaline, Benzoxazole and Benzimidazole Derivatives Using Heteropolyanion-Based Ionic Liquids: As a Recyclable Solid Catalyst

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce two nonconventional ionic liquid compounds which are composed of propane sulfonate functionalized organic cations and heteropolyanions as green solid acid catalysts for the highly efficient and green synthesis of 2,3-disubstitutedquinoxaline derivatives. These ionic liquids are in the solid state at room temperature and the synthesis is carried out via the one-pot condensation reaction of various o-phenylenediamine with 1,2-diketone derivatives. Benzoxazole and benzimidazole derivatives were also synthesized by these novel catalysts via the one-pot condensation from reaction orthoester with o-aminophenol (synthesis of benzoxazole derivatives) and ophenylenediamine (synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives). All experiments successfully resulted in the desired products. The described novel synthesis method has several advantages of safety, mild condition, high yields, short reaction times, simplicity and easy workup compared to the traditional method of synthesis.