A graphics processing unit-based computational framework for impact failure of automotive coatings

Abstract

This paper is the first one to develop a graphics process unit-based computational framework to accelerate impact failure simulations of automotive coatings, which require a considerable computational cost. Such an efficient computational framework considers both intra- and inter-laminar failures, including a multi-mechanism damage model for polymer-ply fracture and a discontinuous Galerkin/cohesive zone model for coating delamination. The cohesive zone model is implemented as a contact algorithm with a cohesive constitutive law, hence maintaining the ability to simulate delamination problems under large deformation. Additionally, a parallel contact algorithm for the cohesive zone model is developed with the simultaneous elimination of bitwise non-reproducibility and unphysical force oscillations occurring when Gauss points transition between segments. After verification via numerical examples, this framework is applied to the impact failure of multi-layered automotive coatings, where experimental failure patterns of the coating are well reproduced. Through parallel computing, a speedup of up to 119.7 times in terms of wall clock time is gained.