Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties, in terms of validity and reproducibility, of the Golf Course Quality Scale (GCQS) in the Spanish golf course context. The GCQS is a scale that measures the quality of a golf course perceived by its users. It is comprised of 22 five-point Likert scale items, ranging from 1 (disagree) to 5 (totally agree). The items were grouped into five dimensions: services, etiquette, facilities, golf courses, and staff. A translated and adapted version of the Australian CQS questionnaire was administered to a total of 401 federated golf players in the Region of Murcia (RM). The margin of error was 4.9% with a confidence level of 95%. Of the total sample, 88.5% were men and 11.5% were women. The participants were between the ages of 18 and 80 (M = 54.1, SD = 14.3). Following an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the suitability of the proposed items and the factorial structure of the scale, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed using structural equations under the maximum likelihood extraction method. This assessed the fit of the model and its internal consistency, with values above 0.79. In conclusion, the validity and reliability of this psychometric scale for the purposes of evaluating the quality of golf courses perceived by their users have been verified. The results confirm that the scale is a useful tool for golf course research and management.
Highlights
Pablo Galvez-Ruiz andThe sports sector in Spain has evolved significantly, adapting to the social and economic context to respond to the high-quality standards demanded, while generating a series of adaptations and a wide range of services responding to the current demands of sport organizations
Coupled with the importance of the golf sector, both nationally and in the Region of Murcia (RM), this research aimed to verify the validity and reliability of a psychometric scale to evaluate the quality perceived by the users of golf courses in the context of golfing in Spain
Following the analysis of the scale for perceived golf course quality, Golf Course Quality Scale (GCQS), based on the translated version and tested for content validity [24], we have verified that, after carrying out the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the results allow us to retain the 5 factors and their 22 items contained in the initial scale
Summary
The sports sector in Spain has evolved significantly, adapting to the social and economic context to respond to the high-quality standards demanded, while generating a series of adaptations and a wide range of services responding to the current demands of sport organizations. The growing concern for health in society means that the golf sector within the sports economy must adapt to modern times, evolving from a traditionally elitist sport to one that could adapt to demands created by society today. To this end, principles of management must be understood globally and accompanied by high-level professional training to allow for understanding and adapting to the future of the golf market Principles of management must be understood globally and accompanied by high-level professional training to allow for understanding and adapting to the future of the golf market.
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