Abstract
Abstract In this study, a global isopycnal ocean model (GIM) is described and used for a simulation of variabilities of the global upper ocean during 1992–93. The GIM simulations are compared and validated with both the available observations and simulations with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Modular Ocean Model (MOM). The observations include sea surface height from TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P), sea surface temperature (SST) from weekly National Centers for Environmental Prediction analysis, and vertical temperature profiles from gridded expandable bathythermographs (XBTs) data. The major differences between the GIM and MOM used in this study are the vertical coordinates, a Kraus–Turner mixed layer, and a tracer-transport velocity associated with an isopycnal-depth diffusion. Otherwise, the two models are formulated in the same parameter space, model configuration, and boundary conditions. The effects of these differences in model formulation on the model simulations are investigated. Due to the diff...
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