A Generative Computer Tool To Model ShaclingsAnd Openings That Achieve Sunlighting PropertiesIn Architectural Design

Abstract

We present a generative tool based on a new simulation method for making sunlighting an actual formgiver in architectural design. Our system reverses the common simulation process. It works with intuitive sunlighting properties such as this area must be sunless the afternon in summer . Given a property, it computes a complex geometrical volume figuring the sunlighting phenomenon in time and space. This volume provides a visualization of the sunlighting constraint and it enables the designer to model the different solutions — shadings or openings — that exactly check on the given property. We illustrate the system with two demonstrative examples in architectural design and we introduce some new developments under consideration at the present time. 1 Generative computer tools purpose 1.1 Generative vs evaluative tools In architectural and urban design context, many simulation tools have been developped for appraising interactions between constructions and their environment. Most of these tools are based on an evaluative approach. They use a simplified or a physical model of a phenomenon to compute the resulting state of the phenomenon in the future construction : thermal response, lighting intensity, noise level, and so on. These simulation tools generally need a full description of buildings (topology, geometry, materials). In architectural and urban design processes, they cannot be used before the main schemes are completed. As they work on definite plans, these evaluative tools do not suit design practice. They come at the latest stage of design, whereas key decisions are already taken. Whenever the computing results do not match the architect's wishes or the program consTransactions on Ecology and the Environment vol 10, © 1996 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3541