A generalization of complex, dual and hyperbolic quaternions: Hybrid quaternions

Abstract

Hybrid numbers are a new non-commutative number system which is a generalization of the complex (i2 = ?1), dual (?2 = 0), and hyperbolic numbers (h2 = 1). In this article, firstly we define a new quaternion system called hybrid quaternions by taking the coefficients of real quaternions as hybrid numbers. This new quaternion system is a combination of complex quaternions (biquaternions), hyperbolic (perplex) quaternions, and dual quaternions, and it can be viewed as a generalization of these quaternion systems. Then, we present the basic properties of hybrid quaternions including fundamental operations, conjugates, inner product, vector product, and norm. Finally, we give a schematic representation of numbers and quaternions.