Abstract
The National Health System (NHS) has different realities, stamped on each city in our Brazil. In the municipality of Nova Friburgo, mountainous region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, it is no different. There was no major expansion of Primary Health Care (PHC) in the municipality, especially in the Family Health Strategy (FHS), and the last public tender was in 2007. The general objective of the research was to know the education of the nurse who works in the FHS. The specifics were to identify if the nurses received theoretical and/or practical content about FHS during graduation; to verify if nurses participated in training offers in Family Health, PHC or Public Health after graduation and describe the nurses' perceptions about their knowledge, preparation and performance in the FHS. We conducted a qualitative social research, through a case study. The population was composed of nurses who work in the Family Health teams in the municipality, totaling eighteen respondents. We found as a result a homogeneous group in relation to professional training, as 50% of them are trained in the same institution and in the research municipality, at the same time diversified in relation to the time of experience in the FHS and NHS. About professionals who work in the same unit, only seven are there for more than five years, less than 50% of the professionals who are in the FH units in the municipality. The central category for discussion was the training of nurses in the FHS. Thus, we organized four subcategories: multiple responsibilities; teamwork: facilities, difficulties and challenges encountered in daily work; the mental health issues of FH nurses and training and continuing education. We identified little or almost no experience of respondents in their training to work in the FHS. It appears that during the training, few had a specific discipline for the FHS and that the theory was far from practice. It is noticed that the undergraduate and graduate programs remained in the theoretical field, not integrating theory with the needs of the interviewees' daily practice. Regarding the offer of permanent and / or continuing education, it was identified that the offer of updates and training by the local management happens, however fragmented, without the participation of the entire team. It draws attention, the lack of management incentive to invest in training, which limits and discourage professionals to think about their work and perform not only health care actions (nursing consultation), but mainly health promotion and prevention actions. They feel worn out, tired, tired, due to the overload of assignments and difficulties in sharing the work with the whole team. Therefore, FHS nurses in Nova Friburgo need support and structure, to expand their knowledge and practices through robust and concise training for the FHS and to provide tools to reinforce/expand their autonomy and ability to solve everyday problems.
Published Version
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