Abstract
This work presents the development and validation of a spatially and temporally variable oyster habitat suitability model for the western Mississippi Sound, northern Gulf of Mexico. In the work, we (1) develop an oyster habitat suitability model based on existing conditions in 1 year, (2) forecast habitat suitability throughout the same location in following years, and (3) validate the model using independent data describing field counts of live and recent dead oysters in those following years. The model uses four environmental factors to determine habitat suitability, namely: maximum annual temperature, maximum annual salinity, minimum annual salinity, and minimum annual dissolved oxygen. Overall, the model does not discriminate well between good and poor habitat when the habitat suitability score is less than 0.2; however, when the habitat suitability score is greater than 0.2, there is a high confidence that are more live than recent dead oysters. The results also show that habitat suitability varies by up to 0.45 in any single location (one standard deviation; on a scale from 0 to 1). This is important for evaluating which areas will be most resilient for oyster habitat under a variety of conditions. This study presents the first validated statistical model of temporally and spatially varying oyster habitat suitability.
Highlights
Oysters are a dominant species, an ecosystem engineer, and a foundation species
The objective of this study is to develop an oyster habitat suitability model based on existing conditions in 1 year, forecast habitat suitability throughout the same location in following years, and independently validate the model using statistics of alive and recent dead oyster counts
The analysis of variable contributions shows the relative contributions of each environmental variable to the 2009/2010 oyster habitat suitability model (Table 1)
Summary
Oysters are a dominant species, an ecosystem engineer, and a foundation species. Oysters provide many ecosystem services including filtration; coupling benthic and pelagic habitats; and creating refugia, feeding and nesting habitat (Coen et al, 2007). To promote the resilience and sustainability of these restoration projects, it is important to locate restoration sites in suitable oyster habitat. New restoration sites should be in areas that are environmentally suitable for oyster growth and reproduction. This is especially relevant in areas where external anthropogenic drivers such as water diversions and flood control structures alter natural hydrology and water quality. In these cases, historic oyster reefs may no longer be viable because of changes in water quality and new locations for oyster restoration need to be identified
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