Abstract
The integration of the Strapdown Inertial Navigation System and Global Navigation Satellite System (SINS/GNSS) has been implemented for land-based gravimetry and has been proven to perform well in estimating gravity. Based on the mGal-level gravimetry results, this research aims to construct and develop a land-based SINS/GNSS gravimetry device containing a navigation-grade Inertial Measurement Unit. This research also presents a feasibility analysis for groundwater resource detection. A preliminary comparison of the kinematic velocities and accelerations using multi-combination of GNSS data including Global Positioning System, Global Navigation Satellite System, and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, indicates that three-system observations performed better than two-system data in the computation. A comparison of gravity derived from SINS/GNSS and measured using a relative gravimeter also shows that both agree reasonably well with a mean difference of 2.30 mGal. The mean difference between repeat measurements of gravity disturbance using SINS/GNSS is 2.46 mGal with a standard deviation of 1.32 mGal. The gravity variation because of the groundwater at Pingtung Plain, Taiwan could reach 2.72 mGal. Hence, the developed land-based SINS/GNSS gravimetry can sufficiently and effectively detect groundwater resources.
Highlights
According to the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau [1] and Water Resources Agency [2], the annual precipitation with an average of 62,000 mm per year in Taiwan is considered to be abundant
INAV-RQH and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver has been successfully developed. iNAV-RQH used as a gravimeter has an accuracy of 2.30 mGal compared with the results obtained from the Graviton EG relative gravimeter in stationary state
A comparison of the kinematic velocities and accelerations indicates that the use of a multi-combination of GNSS data yielded better results in the computation than the two-system option
Summary
According to the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau [1] and Water Resources Agency [2], the annual precipitation with an average of 62,000 mm per year in Taiwan is considered to be abundant. The supply of water to humans, agriculture, and industry is deficient because the water flows to the oceans directly and quickly because the topography is extremely steep. An alternative water supply source is to pump groundwater during surface water shortages. Gravity changes are caused directly by mass variations, and fill thickness could produce subtle anomalies in the Earth’s gravitational field, which can be used to estimate fill thickness and bedrock topography if properly detected. Along these lines, gravity measurements have the potential for use in the detection or monitoring groundwater resources [3]
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