Abstract
In this study, bismuth oxychloride/graphene oxide (BiOCl-GO) composite was fabricated by facile one pot hydrothermal method. The pure BiOCl and BiOCl-GO composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The synthesized composite was then assessed for photocatalytic degradation of diclofenac sodium (DCF) in visible as well as direct solar light and UV irradiation. Results indicated that the photocatalytic removal efficiency of DCF was significantly affected by dose of catalysts, pH value and source of light. The results reveled that degradation efficiency of BiOCl-GO for DCF reduced from 100 to 34.4% with the increases in DCF initial concentration from 5 mg L−1 to 25 mg L−1. The solar light degradation of DCF using BiOCl-GO was achieved with apparent rate constant 0.0037 min−1. The effect of scavengers study revealed that superoxide ions and holes were mainly responsible for DCF degradation. The regeneration study indicates that BiOCl-GO composite can be successfully recycled up to the five cycles. The study revealed the effectiveness of one pot hydrothermal method for the fabrication of BiOCl-GO composite.
Highlights
In this study, bismuth oxychloride/graphene oxide (BiOCl-GO) composite was fabricated by facile one pot hydrothermal method
A series of quaternary BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/BiOpIq/GO composites have been synthesized by hydrothermal method and used as a visible light active catalyst (Eg − 2.18 eV) for the photocatalytic degradation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid and O2·ˉ, h+, and ·OH were responsible of mineralization of the 2-hydroxybenzoic acid[20]
Chemicals used in this research included diclofenac sodium (DCF), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sodium bismuthate (NaBiO3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), graphite, potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (USA)
Summary
Bismuth oxychloride/graphene oxide (BiOCl-GO) composite was fabricated by facile one pot hydrothermal method. A series of quaternary BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/BiOpIq/GO composites have been synthesized by hydrothermal method and used as a visible light active catalyst (Eg − 2.18 eV) for the photocatalytic degradation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid and O2·ˉ, h+, and ·OH were responsible of mineralization of the 2-hydroxybenzoic acid[20]. These studies revealed that the coupling to the semiconductor catalyst with GO enhance the interaction of the composite with pollutant and facilitates efficient decomposition of the organic contaminants in wastewaters
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