A facile and green alternative method for preconcentration of triazole fungicides using fabrication of melamine sponge anchoring with Ni/Al-LDH adsorbent followed by HPLC analysis

Abstract

In this work, a facile and green alternative method for preconcentration of triazole fungicides (TFs) using melamine sponge anchoring with nickel/aluminium layered double hydroxide (Ni/Al-LDH-MS) as adsorbent for micro-solid phase extraction (micro-SPE). LDHs was prepared by nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate and aluminium nitrate nonahydrate. The adsorbent was simply synthesized under facile condition via anchoring of Ni/Al-LDH on the pore of melamine sponge (MS). The material was applied for extraction of triazole fungicides prior to HPLC analysis. Under the chosen conditions, the proposed method provides wide linearity between 0.09 –1.00 µg L-1 with coefficients for determination (R2) of greater than 0.99. Low detection limits of 0.03 µg L-1 for all analytes were achieved. The satisfactory recoveries of the real samples at three different concentration levels were obtained in the range of 64.5 % to 105.6 % with RSDs lower than 7.5 %. The findings highlight the importance of developing efficient adsorbents for the enrichment of trace triazoles in surface water, soymilk, honey and egg yolk matrices. Eco-friendliness was confirmed by Analytical Eco-scale and Analytical GREEnness metric (AGREE) which shown that the recommended analytical procedure is more green than previous methods.