A Evaluation of Implementation Level of UN SDGs Goal 11 in Korea: Focusing on a Framework Application Based on Relative Efficiency Theory

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation level of urban sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the Republic of Korea and to measure the extent of internal and external impact on implementation. An evaluation framework was established, based on relative efficiency theory, and the implementation level of urban SDGs at the local government unit in the Republic of Korea was examined by analyzing each stage. First, in reference to the 2018 of SDG 11, the implementation level for public transportation (target 11.2) was assessed as excellent across the country, compared with the implementation level for disaster safety (target 11.5), environment (11.6), and public space (11.7), which were all assessed as needing improvement. Second, the factors that positively impact implementation (target 11.2) were urban population, GRDP, financial independence, urbanization areas, and bus-only lanes, whereas the factors positively impacting implementation (target 11.5) were population density and GRDP. The positive factors influencing implementation (target 11.6; air quality sector) were found to be GRDP, financial independence, administrative area, and renewable energy generation, whereas the effective factors for implementation of target 11.6 (waste management) were found to be GRDP, financial independence, and the population density of households in waste management. The positive factors influencing the implementation level of target 11.7 were GRDP, financial independence, administrative area, and green areas.