Abstract
Large scale, cost-effective energy storage is highly desirable for balancing utility grid and renewable energy production. However, commercial scale demonstration of grid energy storage is generally lacking. Here, we demonstrate a bifunctional fuel cell/battery hybrid system that is capable of producing power and storing energy. The new system is comprised of a reversible SOFC and a redox-active metal/metal oxide chemical bed. During operation, the cathode of the system is constantly open to air, whereas the anode configuration defines the functionality of the system: power generation when the anode chamber is open to a fuel, and energy storage when the anode chamber is closed next to a neighboring metal/metal oxide chemical bed. The highlights in this paper include cycling performance at the temperatures of 500 and 750 oC for closed and open systems, respectively. Strategies to achieve efficient and reversible hybrid system for simultaneous power generation and energy storage are also presented.
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