A detailed review of the analysis of the different types of materials such as aluminum alloys and cast-iron piston by comparing the results we can say among these which one of the pistons had better results

Abstract

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, pumps and gas compressors. It is located in a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting rod. The alloy from which a piston is made not only determines its strength and wears characteristics, but also its thermal expansion characteristics. Hotter engines require more stable alloys to maintain close tolerances without scuffing. The normal temperature of gasoline engine exhaust is approximately 650ºC (923ºK). This is also approximately the melting point of most aluminum alloys and it is only the constant influx of ambient air that prevents the piston from deforming and failing. For this purpose testing different types of materials such as aluminum alloys and cast iron piston. In this project we design the three models of pistons flat head, concave head & convex heads by using Pro-Engineer 5.0 software, and imported them to make analysis in ANSYS 11.0 soft ware. And find out the vonmisses stresses, total deformation, heat distribution, and heat flux. By comparing the results we can say among these which one of the piston had better results.