A Design of an Equalized Gaussian Beam Antenna Applied in A Coal Mine Environment

Abstract

The environment of confined spaces such as tunnels and coal mines is complex and changeable. When the wireless signal propagates in it, it will be affected by the reflection and diffraction of the shaft wall, which puts forward higher requirements for the radiation beam of the coal mine antenna. In this paper, the corrugated horn antenna model is selected to design a coal mine antenna whose radiation pattern is almost equal to the Gaussian beam. Starting from the expression of Gaussian beam, combined with the radiation field formula of the horn antenna, the effects of slot depth, slot spacing, slot width and horn opening angle on the radiation beam are analyzed. The axial slot corrugated conical horn antenna designed in this paper has a gain greater than 13dBi in the frequency band, the side lobe level is less than -25dB, and the VSWR is less than 1.25 in the designed full frequency band. By comparing the pattern of the horn antenna and the pattern of the Gaussian beam, the results show that the axially grooved corrugated conical horn designed in this paper basically coincides with the Gaussian beam under ideal conditions, and the E and H planes are the Gaussian with a -10dB taper angle of 35°. The beams are basically the same. The equalized Gaussian beam antenna designed in this paper has important guiding significance for the antenna design in coal mine detection and exploration.