Abstract
Iraqi speakers of English face some phonetic and phonological difficulties that are related to the production of different speech sounds especially English vowel sounds. The difficulty in producing these sounds is related to several matters. Firstly, the complex orthographic system of English. Secondly is the inconsistent relationship between spelling and pronunciation. Third shows the differences between the two different sound systems (Arabic and English). The regional differences and the effect of the native language on the second language can be considered as two of the real problems in pronunciation.
Highlights
The most important part of learning English as a second language rests on pronunciation
These difficulties appear among non-native speakers from the fact that the sound systems of English and Arabic are different in many ways
English vowel sounds are different from Arabic vowel sounds in number, in the way they are produced, and even many English vowels don’t exist in Arabic sound system
Summary
The most important part of learning English as a second language rests on pronunciation. If the tongue is between half-high and half-low, the produced sound is a mid-vowel. It is so important to know that cardinal vowels are not sounds of a particular language , they are reference points or extremes by which we can describe all the vowels They are of two different types : Primary and secondary 1-/ aʊə/ as in power / paʊə / 2-/ aɪə/ as in liar / laɪə/ 3-/eɪə/ as in layer / leɪə/ 4-/ ɔɪə/ as in loyal / lɔɪəl / 5-/ əʊə / as in mower / məʊə / The description of triphthongs 1-/ aʊə/, the starting point for this sound is similar to / ɑ: / , continue to glide towards the back close position /ʊ / and to mid-central vowel /ə / . The number of the subjects that took part in the experiment is
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