Abstract
A screening model for undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) is important for early medical care. Insufficient research has been carried out developing a screening model for undiagnosed DM using machine learning techniques. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to develop a screening model for patients with undiagnosed DM using a deep neural network. We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013–2016. A total of 11,456 participants were selected, excluding those with diagnosed DM, an age < 20 years, or missing data. KNHANES 2013–2015 was used as a training dataset and analyzed to develop a deep learning model (DLM) for undiagnosed DM. The DLM was evaluated with 4444 participants who were surveyed in the 2016 KNHANES. The DLM was constructed using seven non-invasive variables (NIV): age, waist circumference, body mass index, gender, smoking status, hypertension, and family history of diabetes. The model showed an appropriate performance (area under curve (AUC): 80.11) compared with existing previous screening models. The DLM developed in this study for patients with undiagnosed diabetes could contribute to early medical care.
Highlights
An estimated 422 million adults are suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM), according to the World Health Organization Global Report on Diabetes
Basic characteristics were analyzed for each group, including a normal glucose group (NG), an impaired fasting glucose group (IFG), and an undiagnosed diabetes group (UDG)
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were lower in the IFG and UDG
Summary
An estimated 422 million adults are suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM), according to the World Health Organization Global Report on Diabetes. This number is significantly higher than that of 1980 (108 million) [1]. An estimated 30–80 percent of diabetes cases are undiagnosed [2]. Diabetes without clinical care is significantly linked to serious complications, which can add a considerable burden to the public health system. Complications of diabetes mellitus such as cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, and so on should be prevented in early stage [4]. People with undiagnosed diabetes are more likely to be diagnosed with complications than those who are aware of their diabetes status.
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