Abstract
To investigate whether dental status, represented by the DMFT score, was affected by the presence of NCDs and determined the NCDs that had a greater impact on the DMFT score. This retrospective cross-sectional study included a total of 10,017 individuals. The presence of NCDs was investigated based on self-reported medical history recorded on each patient’s dental hospital record. Individual DMFT score was evaluated on the basis of the dental records and panoramic radiographs. The data were further analyzed using multiple regression analysis and chi-squared automatic interaction detection (CHAID) analysis. A total of 5,388 individuals had more than one NCD among hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and osteoporosis. The average DMFT score was 8.62 ± 7.10 in the NCD group, significantly higher than that in those without NCD (5.53 ± 5.48) (P < 0.001). In the regression analysis, age, NCDs, and psychiatric problems were selected as risk factors of DMFT score. In the CHAID decision tree analysis, age was the risk factor that most influenced the DMFT score. HT was the most influential factor in a newly generated decision tree excluding age, and osteoporosis, DM, and CVD were important risk factors acting in the subgroups. Patients with NCD had worse dental conditions than those who did not, and some combinations of NCDs related highest risk for a dental caries-related index. In clinical practice, dentists should provide meticulous care for dental caries in elderly patients with NCDs, especially when certain diseases, such as HT, osteoporosis, DM, and CVD, are present together.
Highlights
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are not transmitted directly from one person to another and usually present as chronic inflammatory disorders, which progress slowly over a long period of time
In contrast to the extensive literature on periodontitis, only some studies have attempted to determine the correlations between dental status and various systemic diseases [17, 18], but a clear causal relationship has not yet been established since a wide range of genetic predispositions to behavioral traits are involved as common risk factors for these diseases [7]
In addition to the type of NCD, age, sex, smoking, and psychiatric problems were included as risk factor candidates in the present study, and the priority of these factors in terms of their impact on the DMFT score was assessed using a decision tree algorithm
Summary
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are not transmitted directly from one person to another and usually present as chronic inflammatory disorders, which progress slowly over a long period of time. NCDs include cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and osteoporosis They are the leading cause of morbidity, accounting for 72% of all deaths worldwide, and this proportion is growing [1]. The initiation and progression of these diseases in each individual is influenced by multiple and diverse combinations of several factors, including inherited factors such as genetic variants and acquired factors such as social, economic, educational, local environment, and lifestyle-related factors [5]. If left untreated, these diseases can lead to tooth loss, which can reduce masticatory function, cause nutritional problems, and pose a threat to general health. Oral conditions disproportionately affect the poor and socially disadvantaged members of societies, in low-income and middle-income countries
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