A dataset of surface water environment characteristics of typical small watersheds in central Sichuan Hilly Region (2005–2019)

Abstract

Based on the long-term routine monitoring of surface water environmental status of typical small watershed in the central hilly region of Sichuan Province by Yanting Station, we compiled a the dataset of surface water environmental characteristics of typical small watersheds in central Sichuan Hilly Region from 2005 to 2019, involving four monitoring sites in typical small catchments located in the upper of small catchment pond, the midstream ditch, field surface and the weir at the outlet of the catchment. From 2005 to 2006, water samples were collected at regular intervals of once every three months; starting from 2007 to 2009, water samples from August and September were specifically added; from 2010 to 2019, the sampling frequency increased to once a month, with water samples collected specifically on the 20th day of each month. The data include 16 physical and chemical indicators reflecting the surface water environment, namely pH, TN, TP, TDS, EC, CODcr, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, CO32- , HCO3- , Cl-, SO42- , PO43- and NO3- . The monitoring sample layout, water sample collection process, laboratory analysis and data analysis were carried out in accordance with the specifications and standards required by the China Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) and the National Science and Technology Basic Platform. The data are of reliable quality and comparable with similar data collected from other field stations on the network. The dataset can provide important data support for environmental science research, ecologically clean small watersheds and comprehensive water environment evaluation, management and planning.