Abstract
Since caldera collapse deformation is extremely difficult to study in real time - due to the high deformation rates that characterize this process and the difficult access to the caldera structures-analogue modeling has been widely used during past decades to integrate field data and, more recently, remote-sensing data (e.g., InSAR). However, the relationships between caldera collapse and inherited discontinuities, such as inherited crustal faults, remain poorly investigated. We therefore provide a new dataset of analogue models that aims to specifically address this issue and that can be potentially compared with literature and natural case studies worldwide. We present a dataset of 13 analogue models of caldera collapse investigating the interactions between caldera collapse processes and inherited crustal discontinuities. The dataset is composed of raw data and elaborations that can be used to qualitatively visualize and/or quantitatively analyze model deformation through the use of top-view photos, digital elevation models (DEM) and digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV).
Highlights
Caldera collapse is a geological process that is elusive to investigate, as its rapid occurrence makes it difficult to study, especially in case of explosive caldera eruptions
Intra-caldera structures are often masked by erosion, draping of post-caldera related volcanic deposits, and infilling of lacustrine sediments, whereby these features may be difficult to analyze (e.g., WoldeGabriel et al, 1990; WoldeGabriel et al, 1992; Le Turdu et al, 1999)
Other models have applied the underpressure principle, supporting the idea of a pressure drop in the magma chamber and consequent collapse (e.g., Acocella et al, 2000; Roche et al, 2000; Acocella et al, 2001b; Kennedy et al, 2004; Lavallée et al, 2004; Geyer et al, 2006; Holohan et al, 2008a; Burchardt and Walter, 2010; Ruch et al, 2012; Coumans and Stix, 2016). Despite it is Database of Caldera Laboratory Experiments acknowledged that existing structures may play a significant role during caldera collapse, this process has been limitedly investigated with analogue models (e.g., Cailleau et al, 2003; Acocella et al, 2004; Holohan et al, 2005; Holohan et al, 2008b; Holohan et al, 2013; Bonini et al, 2021)
Summary
Caldera collapse is a geological process that is elusive to investigate, as its rapid occurrence makes it difficult to study, especially in case of explosive caldera eruptions. Intra-caldera structures are often masked by erosion, draping of post-caldera related volcanic deposits, and infilling of lacustrine sediments, whereby these features may be difficult to analyze (e.g., WoldeGabriel et al, 1990; WoldeGabriel et al, 1992; Le Turdu et al, 1999) For this reason, laboratory analogue experiments represent a powerful tool, and a variety of studies reproducing the collapse of calderas is available in literature (Acocella, 2007; Geyer and Martí, 2014 and reference therein). Acknowledged that existing structures may play a significant role during caldera collapse, this process has been limitedly investigated with analogue models (e.g., Cailleau et al, 2003; Acocella et al, 2004; Holohan et al, 2005; Holohan et al, 2008b; Holohan et al, 2013; Bonini et al, 2021) In this Data Report, we present a database of analogue models of collapsed calderas, with specific setups testing the effect of inherited discontinuities.
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