A Data Driven Approach to Bioretention Cell Performance: Prediction and Design

Usman Khan,Caterina Valeo,Jianxun He,Angus Chu

doi:10.3390/w5010013

Usman Khan, Caterina Valeo + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/w5010013

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Abstract

Bioretention cells are an urban stormwater management technology used to address both water quality and quantity concerns. A lack of region-specific design guidelines has limited the widespread implementation of bioretention cells, particularly in cold climates. In this paper, experimental data are used to construct a multiple linear regression model to predict hydrological performance of bioretention cells. Nine different observed parameters are considered as candidates for regressors, of which inlet runoff volume and duration, and initial soil moisture were chosen. These three variables are used to construct six different regression models, which are tested against the observations. Statistical analysis showed that the amount of runoff captured by a bioretention cell can be successfully predicted by the inlet runoff volume and event duration. Historical data is then used to calculate runoff volume for a given duration, in different catchment types. This data is used in the regression model to predict bioretention cell performance. The results are then used to create a design tool which can assist in estimating bioretention cell size to meet different performance goals in southern Alberta. Examples on the functionality of the design tool are provided.

Highlights

Urban stormwater runoff is defined as the overland flow that occurs after a precipitation event in urbanized areas
As a site design strategy, LID can be considered more than just a stormwater control technology; it is a tool that promotes a full spectrum of ecosystem benefits
This paper developed a novel method to create a design tool to assist in bioretention design, for Calgary, that takes region-specific design considerations into account

Summary

Introduction

Urban stormwater runoff is defined as the overland flow that occurs after a precipitation event in urbanized areas These areas are characterized by a higher fraction of impervious surfaces as compared to natural, undeveloped areas. An increase in impervious surfaces, such as roofs, roads and parking lots can lead to higher runoff volumes with higher flow rates, lower evapotranspiration and lower infiltration [1]. This can increase the risk of flooding in downstream waterways and contribute to the degradation of water quality; urban stormwater runoff is considered to be a leading cause of degradation of surface waters [2,3,4]. For LID, structural and non-structural practices are implemented on site such that the post-development hydrology and water quality mimics or improves from the pre- or undeveloped conditions [3,6,7]

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