A D‐band quadrature‐hybrids‐based 5‐bit vector‐modulated phase shifter with low RMS phase error

Abstract

This letter presents a D-band 5-bit vector-modulated phase shifter based on quadrature hybrids for D-band phased arrays. The proposed vector-modulated phase shifter employs two stages of quadrature hybrid followed with a single-pole double-throw switch for I/Q phase splitting and vector-summing. To improve the isolation performance, traveling-wave single-pole double-throw switches together with transistor parallel inductors are adopted. A marchand balun followed with two variable gain amplifiers is placed between the two quadrature hybrids for I/Q amplitude weighting. A proof-of-concept vector-modulated phase shifter is designed and fabricated in 0.13 μm SiGe BiCMOS technology and occupies a core chip area of 0.45 mm2. Measurement results show that the RMS phase error is 1.6° at 149 GHz and the RMS gain error is below 2.8 dB over 146–156 GHz. The DC power consumption is 148 mW.