Abstract
An existing isotropic thin shell axisymmetric element capable of modelling non-axisymmetric deformation modes is extended to include the capability of modelling shells with a laminated orthotropic structure. The element formulation is based upon Flügge thin shell theory. Generally orthotropic structures (i.e. those with principal material directions not coincident with the meridional and circumferential directions) can be modelled provided the load case is axisymmetric, but for non-axisymmetric (harmonic) load cases, the material properties of each layer must coincide with the principal directions of the shell. Computerized symbolic algebra was used in the derivation of the element formulation. A number of static examples have been used to test the element, and results from this element agree very closely with alternative FE and analytical solutions, with differences being one percent or less.
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