Abstract
A cryogenic radio-frequency ion trap system designed for quantum logic spectroscopy of highly charged ions (HCI) is presented. It includes a segmented linear Paul trap, an in-vacuum imaging lens, and a helical resonator. We demonstrate ground state cooling of all three modes of motion of a single 9Be+ ion and determine their heating rates as well as excess axial micromotion. The trap shows one of the lowest levels of electric field noise published to date. We investigate the magnetic-field noise suppression in cryogenic shields made from segmented copper, the resulting magnetic field stability at the ion position and the resulting coherence time. Using this trap in conjunction with an electron beam ion trap and a deceleration beamline, we have been able to trap single highly charged Ar13+ (Ar XIV) ions concurrently with single Be+ ions, a key prerequisite for the first quantum logic spectroscopy of a HCI. This major stepping stone allows us to push highly-charged-ion spectroscopic precision from the gigahertz to the hertz level and below.
Highlights
Over the last decade, there has been growing interest in high precision spectroscopy of highly charged ions (HCI) for applications in frequency metrology and fundamental physics,1,2 such as the search for a possible variation of fundamental constants,3–6 violation of local Lorentz invariance,7 or probing for new long-range interactions.8 The strong scaling of energy levels with charge state shifts fine and hyperfine transitions into the optical regime,1,5,9 enabling high-precision laser spectroscopy
We investigate the magnetic-field noise suppression in cryogenic shields made from segmented copper, the resulting magnetic field stability at the ion position and the resulting coherence time
We have presented a cryogenic ion trap system designed for spectroscopy of single HCI and characterized the ion trap with respect to heating rates, excess micromotion, and magnetic field stability
Summary
There has been growing interest in high precision spectroscopy of highly charged ions (HCI) for applications in frequency metrology and fundamental physics, such as the search for a possible variation of fundamental constants, violation of local Lorentz invariance, or probing for new long-range interactions. The strong scaling of energy levels with charge state shifts fine and hyperfine transitions into the optical regime, enabling high-precision laser spectroscopy. The strong scaling of energy levels with charge state shifts fine and hyperfine transitions into the optical regime, enabling high-precision laser spectroscopy. Precision spectroscopy of HCI at rest was mostly performed in electron beam ion traps (EBITs).. High ion temperatures (T > 105 K) due to the electron impact heating in a deep trapping potential and magnetic field inhomogeneities as well as drifts have limited the achievable spectroscopic resolution and accuracy in most cases to the parts-per-million level. Scitation.org/journal/rsi transition is detected by electronic readout of the ion spin by coupling it to its motion in an inhomogeneous magnetic field.. The other approach, followed by this experiment, is based on the detection of Rabi flopping on the spectroscopy HCI using a co-trapped singly charged ion such as 9Be+, which provides sympathetic cooling. Compared to CryPTEx30 our much smaller trap size yields higher secular frequencies, which are required for high-fidelity quantum logic operations. the trap is connected to a lowvibration cryogenic supply line and a compact EBIT producing the desired HCI.
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