A cross-sectional study on the preponderance of stress and depression among medical students and their association with various recent factors

Abstract

Background: Stress and depression among medical students are the prevalent and global concern these days. Stress is a critical risk factor for depression as it can contribute to depression through various pathways. Stress is multifactorial in causation which can be associated or attributable to depression. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate and elicit the levels of stress and depression in association with various recent factors, accounting and resulting to stress and depression. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among medical students of a well-recognized medical college. Analysis sheets consisting of Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and other criteria comprising demographic details such as gender, age, year of studying and some associated factors which include appetite, gastrointestinal (GI) problem, sleep, social feelings, body mass index (BMI), and hair fall adding to stress and depression were made to fill by 288 medical students of a medical college. Results: Majority of the study participants have moderate-or-high levels of stress but no depression. Nearly 46.5% of the study participants have normal values of BMI, and 42.7% are over the levels of their normal BMI. Nearly 59.7% of the total students have hair fall, 76.7% have normal sleep-wake cycle, 77.4% have normal social feelings, 75.6% have normal appetite, and 84.7% do not have any GI problems. When the relation between stress and these study variables was observed, the association between BMI and hair fall was found to be significant. Conclusions: First-year students feel more stressed that could be due to their recent entry into the course. Female students are more prone to these stressors and depressors. Juniors are more stressed when compared to senior students.